A seventeen year old girl sat on a weathered brown leather sofa in the living room of her Yukon home. She flipped past the channels each time a diet commercial aired. Jenny Craig? She couldn’t stand it. McDonald’s? A Big Mac was utterly repulsive. The sheer sight of food sent this blond teen into a cycle of guilt, disgust, and rage. At five foot one she was a gaunt eighty-nine pounds, yet she desired to be thinner. She didn’t quite understand why she felt this way, but she realized not eating made her content.
Emma Baker, a University of Oklahoma freshman, remembers her struggle with anorexia nervosa as she describes this event. The warning signs of an eating disorder were present, but she could not identify her behavior. “I didn’t realize until a year after. I didn’t see it then,” she says.
But with the evidence clearly indicating a problem, why was this cycle so hard to identify? And why is it still difficult to comprehend why eating disorders happen? According to American author, Clare Boothe Luce, “advertising has done more to cause the social unrest of the 20th century than any other single factor.” While there is a constant barrage of unobtainable beauty personified in the media, Baker does not think this is why girls like herself choose to engage in such unhealthy behavior. Baker believes media’s depiction of women is not to blame, but rather the lack of understanding about what causes eating disorders.
According to the National Eating Disorders Association, depression, trouble with relationships,and low self esteem can cause eating disorders. Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders, Inc. explains there are multiple risk factors that may be responsible for this behavior: negative self-evaluation, perfectionism, and high level of perceived stress can be related to unhealthy behavior.
Scott Miller, Ph.D., of Goddard Health Center commented via email about the issue. “While severity and frequency of problems differ, [eating disorders] have in common using food as a way to cope with difficulties,” he explains. “Often, there is an underlying belief that being thinner would be a solution to troubles and demonstrate proof of control in one’s life.”
Baker can relate to this first hand. She was depressed before her struggle started, and her recent breakup with a boyfriend of two years didn’t help her self esteem. She couldn’t understand why her life was falling apart or why she couldn’t control it. So, she stopped eating. At least she could control that. She started skipping meals and avoiding food altogether. She continued working her summer job, but felt dizzy from the lack of nutrition. At night, when her empty stomach would ache, she slept through the pain. Her mother finally confronted her when Baker blacked out while working. “… I woke up from a black out and my mom came to pick me up from work. We drove to Taco Bell and she said to me ‘If you don’t start eating, I won’t eat.’”
Baker understands her actions at the time were detrimental to her health, but couldn’t resist the lure of a slimmer body. “It’s not so much the pressure that society places on us, it’s how we take it,” Baker admits. She explains that seeing an unrealistic view of females isn’t the only reason why she began to starve herself. She didn’t only want to have a perfect body; she wanted to be confident. “You look back and don’t miss the weight you were. You miss the feeling of being skinny,” she admits. “I can see where [those with eating disorders are] coming from. People that haven’t been through it can’t understand,” she states.
When OU freshman Courtney Cassidy was questioned about her understanding of eating disorders, she describes them as “a way to take control of your life.” She mentioned a childhood friend who developed Anorexia Nervosa after an injury. “She was in the hospital for a long time,” Cassidy says, “and she had mild depression to begin with.” Cassidy admits she doesn’t completely understand the motivation of an eating disorder, but her friend “felt like she couldn’t control anything. But she could control what she ate.”
According to the South Caroline Department of Mental Health, one out of every two-hundred women suffer from Anorexia Nervosa and Two to three in 100 American women suffers from bulimia. Many are afflicted with the inability to maintain a healthy relationship with food. It is accurate to target advertising when those affected with eating disorders aren’t agreeing these images are the cause?